List of state leaders in 1939

1938 state leaders - Events of 1939 - 1940 state leaders - State leaders by year

Africa

• Egypt -
  • Farouk I, King of Egypt (1936–1952)
  • Prime Minister
    1. Muhammad Mahmoud Pasha, Prime Minister of Egypt (1937 - 18 August 1939)
    2. Ali Mahir Pasha, Prime Minister of Egypt (18 August 1939 - 1940)
• Liberia - Edwin Barclay, President of Liberia (1930–1944)
• South Africa -
  • Monarch - George VI, King of South Africa (1936–1952)
  • Governor-General - Sir Patrick Duncan, Governor-General of South Africa (1937–1943)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Barry Hertzog, Prime Minister of South Africa (1924-5 September 1939)
    2. Jan Smuts, Prime Minister of South Africa (5 September 1939 - 1948)
• Zanzibar - Khalifah ibn Harub, Sultan of Zanzibar (1911–1960)

Asia

• Afghanistan
  • Mohammed Zahir Shah, King of Afghanistan (1933–1973)
  • Sardar Mohammed Hashim Shah, Prime Minister of Afghanistan (1933–1946)
• Brunei - Ahmad Tajuddin, Sultan of Brunei (1924–1950)
• China
  • Lin Sen, Chairman of the National Government (1931–1943)
  • Premier
    1. H.H. Kung, President of the Executive Yuan (1938–1939)
    2. Chiang Kai-shek, President of the Executive Yuan (1939–1945)
• India -
  • George VI, Emperor of India (1936–1947)
  • The Marquess of Linlithgow, Viceroy of India (1936–1943)
• Iran -
  • Reza Shah Pahlavi (1925–1941)
  • Prime Minister
    1. Mahmud Jam, Prime Minister of Iran (1935 - 26 October 1939)
    2. Ahmad Matin-Daftari, Prime Minister of Iran (26 October 1939 - 1940)
• Iraq -
  • King
    1. Ghazi I, King of Iraq (1933 - 4 April 1939)
    2. Faisal II, King of Iraq (4 April 1939 -1958)
  • Abdul Ilah, Regent of Iraq (4 April 1939 - 1941)
  • Nuri Pasha as-Said, Prime Minister of Iraq (1938–1940)
• Muscat - Said Bin Taimur, Sultan of Oman (1932–1970)
• Saudi Arabia - Abdul Aziz ibn Saud, King of Saudi Arabia (1932–1953)
• Japan -
  • Monarch - Showa Emperor, Emperor of Japan (1926–1989)
  • Prime Minister
    1. Fumimaro Konoe, Prime Minister of Japan (1937 - 5 January 1939)
    2. Kiichiro Hiranuma, Prime Minister of Japan (5 January - 30 August 1939)
    3. Nobuyuki Abe, Prime Minister of Japan (30 August 1939 - 1940)
• Manchukuo - Aisin-Gioro Puyi, Emperor of Manchukuo (1934–1945)
• Oman - Said Bin Taimur, Sultan of Oman (1932–1970)
• Thailand (Siam to 23 June) -
  • Ananda Mahidol, King of Thailand (1935–1946)
  • Plaek Pibulsongkram, Prime Minister of Thailand (1938–1944)
• Vietnam - Bảo Đại, Emperor of Vietnam (1925–1945)

Europe

• Albania -
  • Head of State -
    1. Zog I, King of Albania (1928- 8 April 1939)
    2. Xhafer Ypi, Chairman of the Provisional Administration Committee (9–12 April 1939)
    3. Shefqet Bej Vërlaci, Acting Head of State (12–16 April 1939)
    4. Victor Emmanuel III, King of Albania (16 April 1939-1943)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Koço Kota, Prime Minister of Albania (1936-8 April 1939)
    2. Shefqet Bej Vërlaci, Prime Minister of Albania (12 April 1939 - 1941)
• Andorra
  • Co-Princes -
    • French Co-Prince - Albert Lebrun, President of France (1932–1940)
    • Episcopal Co-Prince - Justí Guitart i Vilardebó, Bishop of Urgell (1920–1940)
  • First Syndic - Francesc Cairat Freixes, First Syndic of Andorra (1937–1960)
• Belgium -
  • Monarch - Léopold III, King of the Belgians (1934–1951)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Paul-Henri Spaak, Prime Minister of Belgium (1938-20 February 1939)
    2. Hubert Pierlot, Prime Minister of Belgium (22 February 1939-1945)
• Bohemia and Moravia -
  • Reichs Protector - Konstantin von Neurath, Reichs Protector of Bohemia and Moravia(21 March 1939-1941)
  • State President - Emil Hácha, State President of Bohemia and Moravia (16 March 1939-1945)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Rudolf Beran, Prime Minister of Bohemia and Moravia (16 March - 27 April 1939)
    2. Alois Eliáš, Prime Minister of Bohemia and Moravia (27 April 1939 - 1941)
• Bulgaria -
  • Monarch - Boris III, King of the Bulgarians (1918–1943)
  • Prime Minister - Georgi Kiossievanov, Prime Minister of Bulgaria (1935–1940)
• Czechoslovakia -
  • President - Emil Hácha, President of Czechoslovakia (1938 - 15 March 1939)
  • Prime Minister - Rudolf Beran, Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia (1938 - 15 March 1939)
  • divided into Bohemia-Moravia and Slovakia), 15 March 1939
• Denmark -
  • Monarch - Christian X, King of Denmark (1912–1947)
  • Prime Minister - Thorvald Stauning, Prime Minister of Denmark (1929–1942)
• Éire (Ireland) -
  • Monarch - George VI, King of Ireland (1936–1949)
  • President - Douglas Hyde, President of Ireland (1938–1945)
  • Prime Minister - Éamon de Valera, Taoiseach (1937–1948)
• Estonia -
  • President - Konstantin Päts, President of Estonia (1938–1940)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Kaarel Eenpalu, Prime Minister of Estonia (1938–1939)
    2. Jüri Uluots, Prime Minister of Estonia (1939–1940)
• Finland -
  • President - Kyösti Kallio, President of Finland (1937–1940)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Aimo Kaarlo Cajander, Prime Minister of Finland (1937 - 1 December 1939)
    2. Risto Heikki Ryti, Prime Minister of Finland (1 December 1939 - 1940)
• France -
  • President - Albert Lebrun, President of France (1932–1940)
  • Prime Minister - Édouard Daladier, President of the Council (1938–1940)
• Germany -
  • Head of State - Adolf Hitler, Führer (1934–1945)
  • Chancellor - Adolf Hitler, Chancellor of Germany (1933–1945)
• Greece -
  • Monarch - George II, King of the Hellenes (1935–1947)
  • Prime Minister - Ioannis Metaxas, Prime Minister of Greece (1936–1941)
• Hungary -
  • Regent - Miklós Horthy, Regent of Hungary (1920–1944)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Béla Imrédy (1938 - 16 February 1939)
    2. Count Pál Teleki (16 February 1939 - 3 April 1941)
• Italy -
  • Monarch - Victor Emmanuel III, King of Italy (1900–1946)
  • Prime Minister - Benito Mussolini, Prime Minister of Italy (1922–1943)
• Latvia -
  • President - Kārlis Ulmanis, President of Latvia (1936–1940)
  • Prime Minister - Kārlis Ulmanis, Prime Minister of Latvia (1934–1940)
• Liechtenstein -
  • Monarch - Franz Joseph II, Prince of Liechtenstein (1938–1989)
  • Head of Government - Franz Josef Hoop, Head of Government of Liechtenstein (1928–1945)
• Lithuania -
  • President - Antanas Smetona, President of Lithuania (1926–1940)
  • Prime Minister
    1. Vladas Mironas, Prime Minister of Lithuania (1938 - 28 March 1939)
    2. Jonas Cernius, Prime Minister of Lithuania (28 March - 21 November 1939)
    3. Antanas Merkys, Prime Minister of Lithuania (21 November 1939 - 1940)
• Luxembourg -
  • Monarch - Charlotte, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg (1919–1964)
  • Prime Minister - Pierre Dupong, Prime Minister of Luxembourg (1937–1953)
• Monaco - Louis II, Prince of Monaco (1922–1949)
• Netherlands -
  • Monarch - Wilhelmina, Queen of the Netherlands (1890–1948)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Hendrik Colijn, Chairman of the Dutch council of ministers (1925–1926, 1933 - 10 August 1939)
    2. Dirk Jan de Geer, Chairman of the Dutch council of ministers (1926–1929, 10 August 1939 - 1940)
• Norway -
  • Monarch - Haakon VII, King of Norway (1905–1957
  • Prime Minister - Johan Nygaardsvold, Prime Minister of Norway (1935–1945)
• Poland -
  • President -
    1. Ignacy Mościcki, President of Poland (1926-30 September 1939)
    2. Władysław Raczkiewicz, President of the Polish Government-in-Exile (30 September 1939-1947)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Felicjan Sławoj-Składkowski, Prime Minister of Poland (1936 - 30 September 1939)
    2. Władysław Sikorski, Prime Minister of the Polish Government-in-Exile (30 September 1939 - 1943)
• Portugal -
  • President - António Óscar Carmona, President of Portugal (1926–1951)
  • Prime Minister - António de Oliveira Salazar, President of the Council of Ministers (1932–1968)
• Romania -
  • Monarch - Carol II, King of Romania (1930–1940)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Miron Cristea, Prime Minister of Romania (1938 - 6 March 1939)
    2. Armand Călinescu, Prime Minister of Romania (7 March - 21 September 1939)
    3. Gheorghe Argeşanu, Prime Minister of Romania (21–28 September 1939)
    4. Constantin Argetoianu, Prime Minister of Romania (28 September - 24 November 1939)
    5. Gheorghe Tătărescu, Prime Minister of Romania (24 November 1939 - 1940)
• Slovakia -
  • President - Jozef Tiso, President of Slovakia (14 March 1939 - 1945
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Jozef Tiso, Prime Minister of Slovakia (14 March - 29 October 1939)
    2. Vojtech Tuka, Prime Minister of Slovakia (29 October 1939 - 1944)
• Spain -
  • Republican Spain -
    • Head of State -
      1. Manuel Azaña, President of Spain (1936- 1 March 1939)
      2. Diego Martínez Barrio, Interim President of Spain (1–4 March 1939)
      3. Segismundo Casado López, Interim President of the National Council of Defense (4–13 March 1939)
      4. José Miaja Menant, President of the National Council of Defense (13–25 March 1939)
    • Prime Minister - Juan Negrín, Prime Minister of Spain Republican (1937 - 31 March 1939)
  • Nationalist Spain -
    • Head of State - Francisco Franco, Head of State (1936–1975)
    • Prime Minister - Francisco Franco, Prime Minister of Spain (1938–1973)
• Sweden -
  • Monarch - Gustaf V, King of Sweden (1907–1950)
  • Prime Minister - Per Albin Hansson, Prime Minister of Sweden (1936–1946)
• Switzerland
  • Swiss Federal Council
    • Giuseppe Motta, Marcel Pilet-Golaz, Rudolf Minger, Johannes Baumann, Philipp Etter (President of Confederation), Hermann Obrecht, Ernst Wetter
• Turkey -
  • İsmet İnönü, President of Turkey (1938–1950)
  • Prime Minister
    1. Celal Bayar, Prime Minister of Turkey (1937–1939)
    2. Refik Saydam, Prime Minister of Turkey (1939–1942)
• Union of Soviet Socialist Republics -
  • Communist Party Leader - Joseph Stalin, General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (1922–1953)
  • Head of State - Mikhail Kalinin, Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet (1938–1946)
  • Premier - Vyacheslav Molotov, Chairman of the Council of People's Comissars (1930–1941)
• United Kingdom -
  • Monarch - George VI, King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (1936–1952)
  • Prime Minister - Neville Chamberlain, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1937–1940)
• Yugoslavia -
  • Monarch - Peter II, King of Yugoslavia (1934–1945)
  • Regent - Prince Paul, Regent of Yugoslavia (1934–1941)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Milan Stojadinović, Prime Minister of Yugoslavia (1935-4 February 1939)
    2. Dragiša Cvetković, Prime Minister of Yugoslavia (5 February 1939-1941)
• Vatican City
  • Pope -
    1. Pius XI, Bishop of Rome (1929–1939)
    2. Pius XII, Bishop of Rome (1939–1958)
  • Secretary of State -
    1. Eugenio Cardinal Pacelli, Cardinal Secretary of State (1930–1939)
    2. Luigi Cardinal Maglione, Cardinal Secretary of State (1939–1944)

North America

• Canada -
  • George VI, King of Canada (1936–1952)
  • The Lord Tweedsmuir, Governor General of Canada (1935–1940)
  • William Lyon Mackenzie King, Prime Minister of Canada (1935–1948)
• Costa Rica - León Cortés Castro, President of Costa Rica (1936–1940)
• Cuba - Federico Laredo Brú, President of Cuba (1936–1940)
• Dominican Republic - Jacinto Bienvenido Peynado, President of the Dominican Republic (1938–1940)
• El Salvador - Maximiliano Hernández Martínez, President of El Salvador (1935–1944)
• Guatemala - Jorge Ubico, President of Guatemala (1931–1944)
• Haiti - Sténio Vincent, President of Haiti (1930–1941)
• Honduras - Tiburcio Carías Andino, President of Honduras (1933–1949)
• Mexico - Lázaro Cárdenas, President of Mexico (1934–1940)
• Nicaragua - Anastasio Somoza García, President of Nicaragua (1937–1947)
• Panama -
  1. Juan Demóstenes Arosemena, President of Panama (1936–1939)
  2. Ezequiel Fernández Jaén, Acting President of Panama (1939)
  3. Augusto Samuel Boyd, Acting President of Panama (1939–1940)
• United States - Franklin Roosevelt, President of the United States (1933–1945)

Oceania

• Australia -
  • Monarch - George VI, King of Australia (1936–1952)
  • Governor-General - Alexander Hore-Ruthven, 1st Baron of Gowrie, Governor-General of Australia (1936–1952)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Joseph Lyons, Prime Minister of Australia (1932–1939)
    2. Sir. Earle Page, Prime Minister of Australia (1939-1939)
    3. Robert Menzies, Prime Minister of Australia (1939–1941)

• New Zealand -
  • George VI, King of the British Dominions Beyond the Seas (1936–1952)
  • The Viscount Galway, Governor-General of New Zealand (1935–1941)
  • Michael Joseph Savage, Prime Minister of New Zealand (1935–1940)
• Tonga
  • Monarch - Salote Tupou III, Queen of Tonga (1918–1965)
  • Prime Minister - Viliami Tungi Mailefihi, Prime Minister of Tonga, (1923–1941)

South America

• Argentina - Roberto María Ortiz, President of Argentina (1938–1942)
• Bolivia
  1. Germán Busch, President of Bolivia (1937–1939
  2. Carlos Quintanilla, Provisional President of Bolivia (1939–1940)
• Brazil - Getúlio Vargas, President of Brazil (1930–1945)
• Chile - Pedro Aguirre Cerda, President of Chile (1938–1941)
• Colombia - Eduardo Santos Montejo, President of Colombia (1938–1942)
• Ecuador -
  1. Aurelio Mosquera Narváez, President of Ecuador (1938–1939)
  2. Carlos Alberto Arroyo del Río, Acting President of Ecuador (1939)
  3. Andrés Córdova Nieto, Acting President of Ecuador (1939–1940)
• Paraguay -
  1. Félix Paiva, President of Paraguay (1937–1939)
  2. José Félix Estigarribia, President of Paraguay (1939–1940)
• Peru -
  1. Óscar Raymundo Benavides Larrea, President of Peru (1933–1939
  2. Manuel Prado y Ugarteche, President of Peru (1939–1945)
• Uruguay - Alfredo Baldomir, President of Uruguay (1938–1943)
• Venezuela - Eleazar López Contreras, President of Venezuela (1935–1941)